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Diseases genetic

diseases

By Li Dali, Ph.D.

If you tested your DNA with a personal genomics service like 23andMe, AncestryDNA, FamilyTreeDNA, MyHeritage or another testing company, you can learn more about your risk factors for hundreds of diseases. By clicking the button above ⬆️, you can upload your raw DNA data file and receive a personalized 250-page health report with research links that is the most comprehensive.

Human genetic illnesses stem from mutations in one or more genes and can be classified as occurring due to chromosomal anomalies, single-gene Mendelian disorders, non-Mendelian ailments related to a single gene, or multifactorial triggers.

Heredity's foundational elements are genes, which transfer from parent to offspring. These gene structures contain essential DNA code instructions for constructing proteins responsible primarily for cell operations; protein functions such as relocating molecules, fabricating assemblies, eliminating harmful substances and other maintenance duties.

On occasion, a gene or genes undergo mutations that alter the instructions for protein production resulting in either non-functioning or absent proteins. This alteration leads to an ailment referred to as genetic disorder.

A gene mutation can be inherited from one or both parents, and may also occur during an individual's lifetime.

Genetic disorders can be categorized into three types:

One-gene disorders are those in which a single gene is affected by mutation. A typical instance of this is sickle cell anemia.

Chromosomal disorders occur when there are missing or altered chromosomes (or portions of them). These structures house our genetic material. An example of a chromosomal disorder is Down syndrome.

Examples of complex disorders include colon cancer, where multiple gene mutations along with lifestyle and environmental factors contribute to the development.

            Tuberculosis
            Diabetes
                            Type 1 diabetes
                            Type 2 diabetes
                            Insulin
            Glaucoma
            Renal failure
            Varicose veins
            Digestive diseases
                            Hepatitis
                            Crohn's disease
                            Pancreatitis
                            Thrombosis
            Mental disorders
                            Schizophrenia
                            Autism
                            ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
                            Dementia
                            Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
                            Suicidal tendencies
                            Alcohol dependence
                            Tobacco addiction
                            Drug dependence
                            Depression
            Diseases of the nervous system
                            Multiple sclerosis
                            Parkinson's disease
                            Alzheimer's disease
                            Migraine
                            Polyneuropathy
                            Myasthenia
                            Stroke
                            Epilepsy
            Blood clotting disorders
            Heart and vascular diseases
                            Myocardial infarction
                            Hypertension
                            Ischemic heart disease
                            Atherosclerosis
            Rheumatic diseases
                            Systemic lupus erythematosus
                            Rheumatoid arthritis
            Women's diseases
                            Endometriosis
                            Infertility and miscarriage
            Cancer
                            Cancer of respiratory organs
                            Melanoma
                            Sarcoma
                            Cancer of the thyroid gland
                            Cancer of the hematopoietic system
                            Cancer of the mammary gland
                            Cancer of the digestive organs
                                            Colorectal cancer
                                            Stomach cancer
                                            Other cancers of the digestive system
            Bronchial asthma
            HIV
            Obesity
            Psoriasis
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