Normal allele: CC
Polymorphisms of the prodynorphin (PDYN) gene are associated with heroin and cocaine dependence.
Polymorphism rs1022563 is related to topics like this:
Research and publications:
21382455 Association between heroin dependence and prodynorphin gene polymorphisms.
22443215 Genetic association analyses of PDYN polymorphisms with heroin and cocaine addiction.
22547174 The genetics of the opioid system and specific drug addictions.
22709632 κ-opioid receptor/dynorphin system: genetic and pharmacotherapeutic implications for addiction.
26733781 Sex Differences in Kappa Opioid Receptor Function and Their Potential Impact on Addiction.
28656735 An analysis of genetic association in opioid dependence susceptibility.