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The healthy eating habits of individuals residing in countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, such as Italy, Greece, France, Spain, and others during the 1960s, constitute the conventional Mediterranean diet. The contemporary Mediterranean diet is based on the traditional dietary practices of these nations.
According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the contemporary Mediterranean diet is a recommended healthy eating plan that can enhance heart health and prevent chronic diseases. Research on the benefits of the Mediterranean diet indicates that it can aid in weight loss and also prevent heart attacks and strokes.
Is this diet suitable for you?
The way your body responds to the Mediterranean diet can be influenced by your genes. Individuals possessing specific variations of the FTO gene exhibit varying weight loss outcomes compared to the average population.
GeneFTO
The FTO gene provides guidance for creating the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated protein, and alterations in this gene have been associated with obesity and diabetes.
The code rs9939609 can be rephrased as a genetic marker.
The FTO gene contains the SNP rs9939609, which is associated with a higher risk of obesity and weight gain for carriers of the A allele, while those with the TT genotype have a lower risk. A study conducted on high cardiovascular risk individuals aged 55-80 found that a 3-year Mediterranean-style diet intervention resulted in reduced body weight gain for A allele carriers compared to those with the TT genotype.
Based on the current literature, it is evident that consuming the nutritional components of the Mediterranean diet, which are abundant in fruits, vegetables, and polyphenols, over an extended period is crucial for treating and preventing various diseases by influencing the epigenome in diverse ways. Nutriepigenetics, which is already gaining significant attention for its role in promoting a healthy and prolonged life, is expected to receive more support from in vitro and in vivo studies in the future. This will provide new information to the literature, elucidate its mechanisms, and underscore the significance of personalized medicine.
Follow the link of the selected polymorphism to read a brief description of how the selected polymorphism affects Mediterranean diet and see a list of existing studies.
SNP polymorphisms related to the topic Mediterranean diet:
| rs4343 | The GG genotype of the ACE rs4343 polymorphism represents a reliable nutrigenetic marker of adverse response to a diet high in saturated fat. |
| rs4994 | A beta-3-adrenergic receptor mutation is associated with visceral obesity but lowers serum triglyceride levels. Carriers of the G allele necessarily need strength training to lose weight and keep the body in good shape. |
| rs6131 | |
| rs13702 | Reduced risk of stroke following a Mediterranean diet high in unsaturated fat. |
| rs16147 | The A allele of the rs16147 variant causes a better metabolic response in terms of insulin resistance and basal insulin secondary to weight loss on two different hypocaloric diets in obese subjects, with improvement being greater on the Mediterranean diet. |
| rs659366 | More effective reduction in BMI and fat mass in A allele carriers. |
| rs708272 | |
| rs1130864 | |
| rs1501299 | No reduction in waist circumference in TT compared with a 5.9 cm reduction in G allele carriers on diet. |
| rs1799883 | This genotype is associated with increased sensitivity to both saturated fat and refined carbohydrates. Thus, allele A impairs the effectiveness of both low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets. |
| rs1800795 | |
| rs1801260 | |
| rs1801282 | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene variation on the progression of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Also higher risk of cardiovascular disease with a diet high in saturated fat. |
| rs2241766 | |
| rs3812316 | Lower triglyceride levels, reduced cardiovascular disease risk depend on level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the PREDIMED study. |
| rs8061518 | |
| rs9939609 | The common variant rs9939609 of the FTO gene, associated with fat mass and obesity, is associated with fat cell lipolysis as well as early onset of extreme obesity. Studies show that carriers of the risk allele A demonstrate significantly greater weight loss on a fat-restricted diet than non-carriers. |
| rs12535708 | |